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         <title>How To Guides for UNIX System Security</title>
         <label>UNIX Security</label>
         <h1>"How To" Guides for UNIX System Security</h1>
         <page id="index" name="index">
            <title>Commands</title>
            <label>Commands</label>
            <description>Useful commands for monitoring and analyzing UNIX system security.</description>
            <p>These are some useful commands for monitoring and analyzing the security of UNIX systems.
               If security needs to be reviewed periodically, a series of commands could be put into a script and
               <link xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="/computers/os/unix/commands/crontab.xml">run automatically</link> with the output
               <link xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="/computers/os/unix/admin/mail2admins.xml">sent directly to the system administrators</link>
               to ensure the reports get reviewed.
            </p>
            <subpage id="N1009C" name="rootusers">
               <title>Check for root Users</title>
               <label>root Users</label>
               <blockcode>
                  <l>awk -F: '{if ($3 == 0) print $1}' /etc/passwd</l>
               </blockcode>
               <p>This command searches the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file and
                  lists all users with <code>root</code> (UID 0) authority.
               </p>
            </subpage>
            <subpage id="N100AD" name="failedlogins">
               <title>Failed Logins</title>
               <label>Failed Logins</label>
               <blockcode>
                  <l>who -s /etc/security/failedlogin | tail -20</l>
               </blockcode>
               <p>This command lists the last 20 failed logins.
               </p>
            </subpage>
            <updated local="2006-10-11">Wednesday October 11, 2006</updated>
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